SYNTHESIS OF REGULATORS AND MODELING OF VECTOR CONTROL SYSTEM OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

DOI: 10.47026/1810-1909-2025-2-43-61

УДК 681.5.017

ББК 31.261.5

Andrey I. EKANTYEV, Grigoriy V. MALININ

Key words

brushless DC motor, vector control system, mathematical model, Simulink model, subordinate control structure, controller synthesis.

Abstract

The paper considers a vector control system for the angular velocity of a brushless DC motor, its mathematical model and software implementation. The main advantage of such a system is the limitation of currents passing through the stator phases of a brushless DC motor, which in turn leads to less heating of the motor, reducing the risk of defects due to temperature effects. In the indicated system, it is also possible to implement more accurate and smooth regulation of the angular velocity of the rotor than when controlling the commutation using the rotor angular position sensor. But to ensure high-quality control, an optimal selection of the parameters of the regulators of the external and internal circuits of the system is required.

The purpose of the study is to determine the parameters of the internal and external circuit controllers of the vector control system of a contactless DC motor.

Materials and methods. The work uses a mathematical model of a contactless DC motor. The calculation of the parameters of the regulators for the internal circuits under vector control is performed. Software modeling of the system is carried out in the MATLAB Simulink environment. Based on the software model, the search for the parameters of the regulator of the external control circuit is carried out.

Results. The values ​​of parameters of internal control loop regulators ensuring the absence of overshoot are calculated, a software model of the vector control system of a contactless DC motor is developed, on the basis of which the parameters of the angular velocity loop regulator are identified. The three-phase bridge inverter is modeled using Simulink electrical blocks with the addition of a filter to simulate the real dynamic volt-ampere characteristic of the transistor. The modeling of the remaining blocks of the system is carried out according to their structural diagrams, algebraic, differential and logical equations. To assess the quality of regulation, graphs of transient processes of the regulated parameters are constructed.

Conclusions. The vector control system provides the ability to regulate the phase currents and angular velocity of the output shaft of a brushless DC motor. The mathematical model of its electrical part is implemented based on electrical, functional and structural diagrams, and the transition from the electrical part to the mechanical one is implemented due to the power balance equation. The calculation of the direct transfer of the system control loops is carried out in accordance with the superposition principle. The determination of the parameters of the regulators is implemented using the representation of the transfer functions of the loops in a standard form. The absence of overshoot is ensured by equating the damping coefficient to a unit value. The presence of errors and time delays in the feedback sensors and the calculator, the quantization of the measured value of the angular velocity and the influence of the three-phase bridge inverter lead to a limitation of the minimum value of the specified angular velocity and an increase in the transient process time.

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Information about the authors

Andrey I. Ekantyev – Post-Graduate Student, Department of Industrial Electronics, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (andrey‑yekantyev@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8947-6319).

Grigoriy V. Malinin – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Industrial Electronics, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (malgrig6@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-0435).

For citations

Ekantyev A.I., Malinin G.V. Synthesis of regulators and modeling of vector control system of brushless DC motor. Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, 2025, no. 2, pp. 43–61. DOI: 10.47026/1810-1909-2025-2-43-61 (in Russian).

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